Showing posts with label 健康资讯. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 健康资讯. Show all posts

Saturday, March 13, 2010

身心健康新标准

世界卫生组织提出的身心健康新标准如下:

快食   

快食并非狼吞虎咽,不辨滋味。而是指吃饭不挑食、不偏食,主餐吃时感觉津津有味。如果出现持续性无食欲状态,则意味着胃肠或肝脏可能出了毛病。

快眠

上床后能较快入睡,睡眠舒畅,醒后头脑清醒,精神饱满,睡眠质量好。如睡的时间过多,且睡后感觉乏力不爽,则是心理及生理的病态表现。神经系统兴奋,抑制功能协调,内脏无病理干扰,是快眠的重要保证。

快便

能快速畅快地排泄大小便,且感觉轻松自如,在精神上有一种良好的感觉,便后没有疲劳感,说明胃肠功能好。

快语

说话流利,头脑清楚,思维敏捷,没有词不达意现象,且中气充足,心肺功能正常。

快行

行动自如、协调,迈步轻松、有力,转体敏捷,反应快速,动作流畅,证明躯体和四肢状况良好,精力充沛旺盛。因诸多疾病导致身体衰弱,均先从下肢开始,人患有内脏疾病时,下肢常有沉重感;心情焦虑,精神抑郁,则往往感觉四肢乏力,步履沉重。

良好的个性

性格柔和,言行举止得到公众认可,能够很好地适应不同环境,没有经常性的压抑感和冲动感。目标坚定,意志持衡,感情丰富,热爱生活和人生,乐观豁达,胸襟坦荡。能以良好的处世态度看问题,办事情都能以现实为基础。与人交往能被大多数人所接受。不管人际风云如何变幻,都能始终保持稳定、永久的适应性。

良好的人际关系

言谈举止恰到好处,与人相处自然融洽,不孤芳自赏寂寞独处,具有交际广、知心朋友多的特点。众人都乐于向他倾诉心中的喜与乐。

什么是心理健康

  健康是人类生存极为重要的内容,它对于人类的发展,社会的变革,文化的更新,生活方式的改变,有着决定性的作用。那么,一个人怎样才算健康呢? 1948年世界卫生组织明确规定:健康不仅是身体没有疾病,而且应当重视心理健康,只有身心健康、体魄健全,才是完整的健康。可见心理健康是人的健康不可分割的重要部分。

心理健康就是指一个人的生理、心理与社会处于相互协调的和谐状态,其特征如下:

智力正常

人的智力分为超常、正常和低常三个等级。正常智力水平,是人们生活、学习、工作、劳动的最基本的心理条件。

情绪稳定与愉快

情绪稳定与心情愉快是心理健康的重要标志,它表明一个人的中枢神经系统处于相对的平衡状态,意味着机体功能的协调。如果一个人经常愁眉苦脸,灰心绝望,喜怒无常,则是心理不健康的表现。

行为协调统一

一个心理健康的人,其行为受意识支配,思想与行为是统一协调的,并有自我控制能力。如果一个人的行为与思想相互矛盾,注意力不集中,思想混乱,治疗支离破碎,做事杂乱无章,就是心理不健康的表现。

良好的人际关系

人生活在社会中,就要善于与人友好相处,助人为乐,建立良好的人际关系。人的交往活动能反映人的心理健康状态,人与人之间正常的友好的交往不仅是维持心理健康的必备条件,也是获得心理健康的重要方法。

良好的适应能力

人生活在纷繁复杂、变化多端的大千世界里,一生中会遇到多种环境及变化,因此,一个人应当具有良好的适应能力,无论现实环境有什么样的变化,都将能够适应,这也是心理健康的标志之一。

以上是心理健康的主要特征,但是心理健康并非是超人的非凡状态,一个人的心理健康也不一定在每一个方面都有表现,只要在生活实践中,能够正确认识自我,自觉控制自己,正确对待外界影响,使心理保持平衡协调,就已具备了心理健康的基本特征。

Monday, February 22, 2010

Water: Essential for Good Health

Why is water important for good health?

The body needs water to function. Our bodies are 60 to 70% water. Most parts of the body contain water, including the brain, blood, and muscle. The body needs water to:

• control body temperature
• remove wastes (through urine and bowel movements)
• carry nutrients (food) and oxygen to cells
• maintain fluid balance and the delicate balance of minerals
• cushion joints

It is important to balance the amount of water going into the body with the amount of water being lost by the body. This is especially important if you are:

• very young
• elderly
• sick with fever, vomiting, or diarrhoea
• taking medicines that cause the body to lose water
• exercising
• living in extreme climates: hot, humid, dry, or high altitude
• travelling on a long airplane trip

How does our body get and lose water?

The body absorbs water through the stomach and gut when you eat and drink. Water leaves the body through:

• breathing
• sweat
• urine
• bowel movements, especially if you have diarrhoea
• vomiting

How much water should I drink?

How much water you should drink depends on:

• your age and body size
• what you eat (food contains small amounts of water in it)
• your level of activity (the more active you are, the more water you need)
• the weather (the warmer the weather, the more water you need)
• your health
• whether you are a man or woman (men usually need more water than women do because they have more lean muscle)
• what medicines you take (some medicines cause your body to lose water)

Most of the time you will get enough water if you:

• eat a healthy diet ~ drink water with each meal ~ drink water between meals.
Drink more water during strenuous exercise and in hot weather. If you are taking certain medicines or you have a chronic disease, such as congestive heart failure or kidney problems, you may need to drink more or less water. Talk with your healthcare provider about how much water you should drink every day.

How do I know if I am drinking enough water?

A healthy body can control the balance of water. If you go to the bathroom fewer than 4 times a day, you may need to drink more fluids.